Indonesian banknotes [opgelost]

As there a few threads about Indonesian notes, I think I wanted to request some addition before it's too late:

1. Add the currency 'Oeang Republik Indonesia' (1946-1949) which covered P#13 until P#30 and P#33 until P#35A released under ruling authority Republic (1945-1948).
2. Add the currency 'Rupiah (1950)' which included only two banknotes (P#36 and P#37) released under ruling authority 'United States of Indonesia (1949-1950)'

What I'm unsure:
1. The first notes are dated 1945 but they are not circulated until October 1946, I leave the year (either 1945-1949 or 1946-1949) to the admins or whatever consensus we have here.
2. There are 5 notes (P#35B - P#35G) that also considered part of Oeang Republik Indonesia but carries different name. The notes has the words Rupiah Baru (New Rupiah) on it. Should we separate them as 'Oeang Republik Indonesia - New Rupiah' (1949) or just add the "Baru" in each page while still under the ORI? If these notes also have to separated, it means there are 3 new currencies that needs to be added.

Original references from Bank Indonesia:
https://www.bi.go.id/id/tentang-bi/museum/sejarah-bi/pra-bi/Documents/3a76158845b0420d995424fd5fd820e3DJBMasaRevolusi.pdf (page 8)
https://www.bi.go.id/id/tentang-bi/museum/sejarah-bi/pra-bi/Documents/187e2548b8b945b6b08c852c9d436d2bPeriodePengakuanKedaulatanRIsdNasionalisasiDJB.pdf (page 6)

I am ready to discuss about this and help with translation if needed.
Thank you.

Forgive me for not having paid too close attention to the earlier discussions. A quick look at the current listings demonstrstes the clear need for changes but I'm not sure if the ones you propose are the right ones. Clearly, we need a currency begining in 1945 for those notes issued that year (P#13 - P#20) and the notes that followed in 1947 (P#21 - P#30), 1948 (P#33 - P#35) and 1950 (P#36 - P#37). However, it isn't clear to me that these were a distinct currency from the later issues dated 1951-1960. Perhaps the information is in the documents you linked to but I'm afraid I'll need some translations.
Regarding the "rupiah baru", according to this article http://papermoney-indonesia.com/?p=302, these only circulated in Aceh, having originally been prepared for Java.
We also need to sort out which notes were issued before and after the currency reform of 1965. My understanding is that the new notes introduced were those dated 1963 and 1964 (P#80 - P#81 and P#89 - P#101) but finding confirmation of this is hard. Currently, all these notes are placed in the earlier rupiah, with the first notes of the later rupiah being those dated 1968. This can't be right but some clear, authoratative statements would be very helpful.

Citeer: "ceh2019"We also need to sort out which notes were issued before and after the currency reform of 1965. My understanding is that the new notes introduced were those dated 1963 and 1964 (P#80 - P#81 and P#89 - P#101) but finding confirmation of this is hard. Currently, all these notes are placed in the earlier rupiah, with the first notes of the later rupiah being those dated 1968. This can't be right but some clear, authoratative statements would be very helpful.

Ok let me answer this part first.

The notes from P#80 - P#81 and P#90 - P#101 are indeed the ones issued as part of 1965 currency reform. Here is an excerpt from a document from Bank Indonesia which can confirm that, and you can check it at page 2 of this document: https://www.bi.go.id/id/tentang-bi/museum/sejarah-bi/bi/Documents/1396994786214f82b23a5315d7b69ba4SejarahSistemPembayaranPeriode19591967.pdf


Sebagai persiapan terwujudnya kesatuan moneter bagi seluruh wilayah Republik Indonesia, dikeluarkan Penetapan Presiden (Penpres) No. 27/1965 tanggal 13 Desember 1965. Penpres ini menetapkan pengeluaran uang rupiah baru sebagai alat pembayaran yang sah di seluruh wilayah Republik Indonesia. Penetapan ini telah memberikan wewenang penuh kepada BI untuk mengeluarkan semua jenis uang dalam berbagai pecahan. Hal ini merupakan penyimpangan dari UU No. 11/1953. Uang baru tersebut mempunyai nilai Rp 1 (baru) = Rp 1.000 (lama) dan Rp 1 (baru) = IB Rp 1.

(As a preparation for the realization of monetary unity for all parts of the Republic of Indonesia, a presidential decree (Penpres) No.27/1965 dated 13 December 1965 was issued. The decree stipulates a new Rupiah as a legal tender in all parts of the Republic of Indonesia. This decree gave full authority for BI to issue all kinds of currency in various denominations. This was a violation of Law No.11/1953. The new currency has the rate of Rp 1 (new) = Rp 1000 (old) and Rp 1 (new) = IB Rp1)

*IB Rp refers to local issue of Rupiah that is only valid in Papua/Irian Jaya
*Law No.11/1953 allows Bank Indonesia to only issue notes from Rp 5 and above

Berkaitan dengan penetapan itu, BI mengeluarkan uang kertas Seri Dwikora bertanda tahun 1964 dalam pecahan 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, 25 sen, dan 50 sen; uang kertas Seri Presiden Soekarno bertanda tahun 1960 dalam pecahan Rp 5, Rp 10, Rp 25, Rp 50, Rp 100, Rp 500, dan Rp 1.000; uang kertas Seri Presiden Soekarno bertanda tahun 1964 dalam pecahan Rp 1 dan Rp 2.50.

(In accordance to that decree, BI issued Dwikora series banknote with year 1964 in 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, 25 sen, and 50 sen denominations; Soekarno series banknotes with year 1960 in Rp 5, Rp 10, Rp 25, Rp 50, Rp 100, Rp 500, and Rp 1.000 denominations; Soekarno series banknotes with year 1964 in Rp 1 and Rp 2.50 denominations).

And from that document we can see that the new banknote of 1965 reform are:
Dwikora series are P#90-P#94
Soekarno series 1960 are P#82-P#88
Soekarno series 1964 are P#80 and P#81

No information about P#89

Citeer: "ceh2019"​Forgive me for not having paid too close attention to the earlier discussions. A quick look at the current listings demonstrstes the clear need for changes but I'm not sure if the ones you propose are the right ones. Clearly, we need a currency begining in 1945 for those notes issued that year (P#13 - P#20) and the notes that followed in 1947 (P#21 - P#30), 1948 (P#33 - P#35) and 1950 (P#36 - P#37). However, it isn't clear to me that these were a distinct currency from the later issues dated 1951-1960. Perhaps the information is in the documents you linked to but I'm afraid I'll need some translations.
​Regarding the "rupiah baru", according to this article http://papermoney-indonesia.com/?p=302, these only circulated in Aceh, having originally been prepared for Java.

​The link you posted is actually consistent with the documents from Bank Indonesia (at least with the ones I've finished reading). To explain why the earlier issues from 1945-1950 are different from rupiah issued in 1951 and should be separated, the excerpt from Ministry of Finance page (https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/single-page/sejarah-oeang/) might help:

Pada ORI penerbitan pertama yang berlaku mulai 30 Oktober 1946 tercantum tanggal emisi 17 Oktober 1945. Ini menunjukkan cukup panjangnya proses yang harus ditempuh dalam mempersiapkan penerbitan ORI sebagai salah satu identitas negara.

(The first series of ORI which was officially circulated from 30 October 1946, carried the emission date 17 October 1945. This shows a long process that has to be taken in order to issue ORI as a national identity)

Namun, pada saat itu peredaran ORI belum bisa menjangkau seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan selain faktor perhubungan, masalah keamanan juga berpengaruh karena sebagian wilayah Indonesia masih berada di bawah kedudukan Belanda. Kedua hal ini menyebabkan pemerintah Indonesia kesulitan untuk menyatukan Indonesia sebagai satu kesatuan moneter. Bahkan, mulai tahun 1947 pemerintah terpaksa memberikan otoritas kepada daerah-daerah tertentu untuk mengeluarkan uangnya sendiri yang disebut Oeang Republik Indonesia Daerah (ORIDA).

(But, ORI circulation at that time can't reach all parts of Indonesia. It is all due to transportation and security, which was caused by Dutch presence in some areas of Indonesia. Both factors caused Indonesian government had hard time in uniting Indonesia in terms of monetary issue. Even in 1947 the government had to give authorities for certain areas to issue their own currency which was called Regional ORI/ORIDA).
...

ORI dan berbagai macam ORIDA hanya berlaku sampai 1 Januari 1950 dan dilanjutkan dengan penerbitan uang Republik Indonesia Serikat.

(ORI and all ORIDA only valid until 1 January 1950 and continued with the issuance of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia currency)

...
Mulai 27 Maret 1950 telah dilakukan penukaran ORI dan ORIDA dengan uang baru yang diterbitkan dan diedarkan oleh De Javasche Bank. Sejalan dengan masa Pemerintah RIS yang berlangsung singkat, masa edar uang kertas RIS juga tidak lama, yaitu hingga 17 Agustus 1950 ketika Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) terbentuk kembali

(From 27 March 1950, the exchange of ORI and ORIDA with the new issued notes by De Javasche Bank has been done. As the United States of Indonesia only last for a short time, the circulation of the RIS treasury notes was also not long, precisely until 17 August 1950 when the Unitary State of Republic of Indonesia was formed again.)

And I based my request of Oeang Republik Indonesia from page 8 of this document: https://www.bi.go.id/id/tentang-bi/museum/sejarah-bi/pra-bi/Pages/prasejarahbi_6.aspx

1. ORI Emisi I Djakarta 17 Oktober 1945: 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, ½ rupiah, 1 rupiah, 5 rupiah, 10 rupiah, 100 rupiah.
2. ORI Emisi II Djokjakarta 1 Januari 1947  :5 rupiah, 10 rupiah, 25 rupiah, 100 rupiah.
3. ORI Emisi III Djokjakarta 26 Juli 1947: ½ rupiah, 2½ rupiah, 25 rupiah, 50 rupiah, 100 rupiah, 250 rupiah.
4. ORI Emisi IV Jogjakarta 23 Agustus 1948: 40 rupiah, 75 rupiah, 100 rupiah and 400 rupiah, with the 600 rupiah note unissued.
5.ORI Emisi V Jogjakarta 17 Agustus 1949 a new rupiah with following denominations: 10 sen baru, ½ rupiah baru and 100 rupiah baru.

From that, the ORI Rupiah I-IV identified are P#13 - P#30 and P#33 - P#35A. And the ORI Rupiah Baru V are P#35B, P#35C and P#35G

That's a lot of information. Let me see if I've got it all.
First, you're saying that the 1960 series of notes should be moved to the present rupiah, that's P#82-P#88.
Second, we're correct to move the all the 1964 notes (P#80 - P#81 and P#90 - P#101) to the present rupiah but a question mark remains over the 1963 10 Rp (P#89).
Third, in 1950 and 1951, the notes in circulation were replaced by new issues.

What I'm still not sure about is that the new issues in 1950 and 1951 were new currencies. Was the rate of exchange on either occasion not parity? Clearly these reforms coincided with political changes but that doesn't automaticaly make them new currencies. I'm also a bit concerned about the idea of a complete replacement of the earlier notes, since the 1950 issue consisted of only 5 and 10 Rp notes and the 1951 issue was only for 1 and 2½ Rp.
Another concern is the phrase "From 27 March 1950, the exchange of ORI and ORIDA with the new issued notes by De Javasche Bank has been done". Which are the Javasche Bank notes refered to here? The last dates on Javasche Bank notes were 1946 and 1948. I've always wondered why there were two different colour versions of some of these notes. Is this issue the explanation?
Sorry if I'm misunderstanding some things, but there's a lot going on here and it's great to be trying to get to the bottom of it.

Citeer: "ceh2019"​That's a lot of information. Let me see if I've got it all.
​First, you're saying that the 1960 series of notes should be moved to the present rupiah, that's P#82-P#88.
​Second, we're correct to move the all the 1964 notes (P#80 - P#81 and P#90 - P#101) to the present rupiah but a question mark remains over the 1963 10 Rp (P#89).

You got these points correctly. The third point probably needs more discussion below

Citeer: "ceh2019"What I'm still not sure about is that the new issues in 1950 and 1951 were new currencies. Was the rate of exchange on either occasion not parity? Clearly these reforms coincided with political changes but that doesn't automaticaly make them new currencies. I'm also a bit concerned about the idea of a complete replacement of the earlier notes, since the 1950 issue consisted of only 5 and 10 Rp notes and the 1951 issue was only for 1 and 2½ Rp.

​The ORI and ORIDA are exchanged into De Javasche Bank issues (P#87 - P#99) and/or the federal RIS notes (Indonesia P#36 and P#37). The ORI were exchanged with 1 gulden = Rp 125, whereas the regional ORIDA has different rates for each variety as pointed by http://papermoney-indonesia.com/?p=302 and supported by this issue of the official magazine of Ministry of Finance (https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/media/16185/media-keuangan-edisi-oktober-2020.pdf).

Other circulating notes such as the Muntbiljet (P#110-118) and older issues of De Javasche Bank notes which has denomination higher than 5 gulden are cut into half in a move dubbed as "Sjafruddin Cut" so they lost half of the value. Those half-notes can also be exchanged for new De Javasche Bank 1948 issues at par.

I think we can say that in 1950 reform the new issues are not exchanged at par.

Meanwhile after further research I found that the 1951 issues are indeed exchanged at par, It is more a change in ruling authority rather than a new currency. So in that case De Javasche Bank P#87-P#99 and Indonesia P#36 - P#37 are simply replaced by new issues from Indonesia P#38-P#39 and P#42-P#48.

Citeer: "ceh2019"​Another concern is the phrase "From 27 March 1950, the exchange of ORI and ORIDA with the new issued notes by De Javasche Bank has been done". Which are the Javasche Bank notes refered to here? The last dates on Javasche Bank notes were 1946 and 1948. I've always wondered why there were two different colour versions of some of these notes. Is this issue the explanation?

​I've explained above that both 1946 and 1948 issues are the ones used for exchanging ORI and ORIDA. The edict can be seen here at page 4 (https://acehprov.sikn.go.id/uploads/r/null/b/0/7/b074f43b6963775dfbdfceacef42e90af3a3d6b14f26d722c4df8bd98456b70e/11.3.pdf) - which is too much to translate.

While regarding different colors of 5, 10, and 25 guldens - sadly it is never explained, the edict and other sources I checked just simply acknowledge that there are 2 variant of colors in each note.

Citeer: "griff88"​While regarding different colors of 5, 10, and 25 guldens - sadly it is never explained, the edict and other sources I checked just simply acknowledge that there are 2 variant of colors in each note.

​I think van Weeren has the answer to this.

All circulating treasury and bank notes with denominations of 5 gulden or higher were to be halved. The left side of the notes remained in circulation at 50% of the nominal value. Subsequently, these halves were exchanged for new bank paper from the Javasche Bank and treasury notes from the R.I.S. The new series from the Javasche Bank consisted of 10 denominations. The low values were 50 sen (purple and green), 1 rp (blue and yellow) and 2½ rp (red and light green) and were dated 1948. The higher values were 5 rp (brown), 10 rp (green), 25 rp (green), 50 rp (blue), 100 rp (brown), 500 rp (red) and 1000 rp (black-grey). They were dated 1946, the same year as the three values of the provisional issue withdrawn as part of this currency reform but the colours are different. Concurrently treasury notes of 5 rupiah (red) and 10 rupiah (purple) with the country name “Republik Indonesia Serikat” and dated 1 januari 1950, were put into circulation. To issue this last series emergency legislation was needed (Emergency legislation concerning the issuing of treasury notes of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia No. 21 of June 2nd, 1950).

We can now put the later Javasche Bank notes (P#88, 90, 91, 93-99) in the post 1950 currency of Indonesia rather than the Netherlands Indies. Quite a change which will require careful description and justification but I think this makes it clear. I'm still not sure about all the exchange rates in 1950 but I suggest we get the new currency 1945-1950 set up, change the existing currency to 1950-1965, move the existing notes to the right places and then fill in what's missing.

Citeer: "ceh2019"We can now put the later Javasche Bank notes (P#88, 90, 91, 93-99) in the post 1950 currency of Indonesia rather than the Netherlands Indies. Quite a change which will require careful description and justification but I think this makes it clear. I'm still not sure about all the exchange rates in 1950 but I suggest we get the new currency 1945-1950 set up, change the existing currency to 1950-1965, move the existing notes to the right places and then fill in what's missing.

​Agreed. I think this is the best solution for now

I've requested the new currency on the referee's forum and contacted the referee for the Netherland's Indies who's happy with our suggestions.